Re: CITATION: Who is a community health worker? ­ a systematic review of definitions

Abimbola OOlaniran, Helen Smith, Regine Unkels, Sarah Bar-Zeev & Nynke van den Broek

Article: 1272223 | Received 30 Aug 2016, Accepted 08 Dec 2016, Published online: 27 Jan 2017

http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/16549716.2017.1272223

Thank you again for your paper. I was interested to note the selection of papers for inclusion in the systematic review.

As you state in the paper: ‘Due to resource and time limitations, we only included papers published in English and missed opportunities to review definitions of CHWs included in papers published in other languages (e.g. studies from francophone West Africa or Latin America).’

It is quite understandable that you had to work with available resources. However, there are arguably some kinds of research where the non-English literature could tell us a great deal. This perhaps includes research for objectives such as yours ‘to identify the common themes in the definitions and descriptions of CHWs that will aid delineation within this cadre and distinguish CHWs from other healthcare providers’. I wonder if there is scope for the systematic review team to be expanded to include French, Spanish, Portuguese and other-speaking researchers?

This brings in a wider question about multilingualism and systematic reviews (two subjects that we are planning to explore in depth later this year on HIFA). What are the challenges of multilingualism for systematic reviewers, and how can these challenges be better addressed?

The Cochrane network – with thousands of systematic reviewers across the world – is ideally positioned to enable multilingual systematic reviews, and yet I think most systematic reviews draw only from English-language publications? Can anyone from Cochrane or elsewhere comment on this?

Best wishes, Neil

Let’s build a future where people are no longer dying for lack of healthcare knowledge – Join HIFA: www.hifa.org  

Welcome to our monthly newsletter. Hopefully, in addition to the latest evidence, there are other things of interest for you! The community rapid review system is the one I’m particularly keen to focus on!

Community rapid review system. This is a potentially ground-breaking/disruptive idea and we’d like to invite you to participate and help shape the future. The question we’re looking to answer is ‘Can we use the Trip community to help produce rapid reviews?’. We clearly think we can but read more about it here. We really are at the start of the journey and we’d love you to help us make this a reality. If you’re interested can you send me a new email with the subject ‘Community rapid review’

New upgrades to the site. In case you missed our recent email, we recently rolled out a major new upgrade to the site. For further information click here to find out about the great new changes.

Preventing overdiagnosis. Overdiagnosis is a topic close to the heart of Trip, which is why we’re happy to help publicise this event: The 5th International Preventing Overdiagnosis Conference, which takes place on August 17-19 2017 at the Québec City Convention Centre. And, while on the topic of conferences, don’t forget this year’s Evidence Live.

Latest Evidence. As you know our site has lots of great evidence and we add new content every day. Based on your profile we’ve found the following which should help keep you up to date.

Become a ‘Pro’ user. By subscribing to Trip Pro you get a better search experience (more content and extra features) and it helps support Trip. That’s got to count as a win:win! We’re a small, independent, company and are dependent on support via individuals or organisations purchasing Trip Pro. A personal subscription costs just $40 per year (less than $4/£3 per month) while institutional subscriptions are incredibly cost-effective. So, if you like Trip and want to see it to continue to develop and continue to be independent please consider either option.

Have a great month and if you’re in need of evidence, come and visit Trip – making evidence easy!

Best wishes

Jon

Jon Brassey

Trip Database

WONCA E-Update

Friday 3rd FEBRUARY 2017

WONCA News – February 2017
The latest WONCA News (February 2017) has just been published and is accessible via the WONCA website, with lots of WONCA news, views and events.

From the WONCA President
“Life as the new President has been quiet geographically but busy online. There is an odd tension between leadership and service, where the responsibility to ‘keep moving and improving’ is set against the ordinary repetitions of daily life. In fact, as family doctors our most important work is that which we do again and again, in our consulting rooms and clinics, with patients and colleagues – or with our students and residents, helping them to gain knowledge and skills in small steps that build to a whole”.
Read more on Amanda Howe’s reflections on her first few weeks in office:

Latest news on WONCA EMR Conference
The latest news from our Eastern Mediterranean colleagues regarding the upcoming conference in Abu Dhabi (2nd to 4th March) can be found on the WONCA website. There is a reduced delegate fee if you register before 15th February, with further reductions for young doctors. For further details, including news of the program and keynote speakers, go to the WONCA website.

WONCA International Classification Committee (WICC)
WICC is the oldest working committee of WONCA and currently has 45 members from 29 countries. Professor Thomas Kühlein of Germany is the new chair of WICC and in this month’s news he outlines the past year’s work of the WICC and also explains all those acronyms relating to classification. Thomas is also one of this month’s Featured Doctors.

“A classification is much more than the annoying outflow of bureaucrats. Instead it is a tool to separate the fuzzy world into disjunctive categories in order to make it countable and statistically describable. The data which emerge can be used for many different purposes. The first and foremost use should be the practising physician’s wish and need to know about the quality of care provided. Furthermore the data can be used for research in primary care (PC). In terms of professionalism both are central issues.”

Read more of WICC and its work on the WONCA website

WONCA Rural Conference – Early Bird deadline extended
We’ve been advised by our Rural Practice colleagues that the deadline for accessing Early Bird registration for the forthcoming Cairns rural health conference (29th April to 2nd May) has now been extended until 28th February. The program for the event is also now available. For all the latest news on the conference, including registration details and the full program, go to the WONCA website.

I was interested to see this paper in the current issue of the WHO Bulletin (February 2017). The full text is freely available here:

http://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/95/2/16-175513/en/

The paper describes itself as ‘implementation research’. However, my understanding of implementation research (from the discussion we held on HIFA last year) is that implementation research starts by identifying and then exploring one or more research questions that relate to *how* better to implement a proven policy or practice. The current paper is perhaps better described as a health systems intervention (without explicit research question) with before-and-after measurement of health outcomes. Despite several weeks of discussion in 2016 of what is and what isn’t Implementation Research, I am not sure I am yet clear. As we discussed last year, all of us – and especially funders and policymakers – need to be crystal-clear what implementation research is if we are to expect it to be properly supported.

I hope perhaps one of the authors, or IR experts on HIFA, can clarify.

CITATION: Implementation research on community health workers’ provision of maternal and child health services in rural Liberia

Peter W Luckow, Avi Kenny, Emily White, Madeleine Ballard, Lorenzo Dorr, Kirby Erlandson, Benjamin Grant, Alice Johnson, Breanna Lorenzen, Subarna Mukherjee, E John Ly, Abigail McDaniel, Netus Nowine, Vidiya Sathananthan, Gerald A Sechler, John D Kraemer, Mark J Siedner & Rajesh Panjabi

Bulletin of the World Health Organization 2017;95:113-120. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.2471/BLT.16.175513

ABSTRACT

Objective: To assess changes in the use of essential maternal and child health services in Konobo, Liberia, after implementation of an enhanced community health worker (CHW) programme.

Methods: The Liberian Ministry of Health partnered with Last Mile Health, a nongovernmental organization, to implement a pilot CHW programme with enhanced recruitment, training, supervision and compensation. To assess changes in maternal and child health-care use, we conducted repeated cross-sectional cluster surveys before (2012) and after (2015) programme implementation.

Findings: Between 2012 and 2015, 54 CHWs, seven peer supervisors and three clinical supervisors were trained to serve a population of 12 127 people in 44 communities. The regression-adjusted percentage of children receiving care from formal care providers increased by 60.1 (95% confidence interval, CI: 51.6 to 68.7) percentage points for diarrhoea, by 30.6 (95% CI: 20.5 to 40.7) for fever and by 51.2 (95% CI: 37.9 to 64.5) for acute respiratory infection. Facility-based delivery increased by 28.2 points (95% CI: 20.3 to 36.1). Facility-based delivery and formal sector care for acute respiratory infection and diarrhoea increased more in agricultural than gold-mining communities. Receipt of one-or-more antenatal care sessions at a health facility and postnatal care within 24 hours of delivery did not change significantly.

Conclusion: We identified significant increases in uptake of child and maternal health-care services from formal providers during the pilot CHW programme in remote rural Liberia. Clinic-based services, such as postnatal care, and services in specific settings, such as mining areas, require additional interventions to achieve optimal outcomes.

—

Best wishes, Neil

Let’s build a future where people are no longer dying for lack of healthcare knowledge – Join HIFA: www.hifa.org  

We have just concluded such ‘re-contextualisation’, we called it localisation, of an integrated, comprehensive, evidence based guide for use by all cadres of clinicians in Primary Health Care in Nigeria. The guide is called PACK (Practical Approach to Care Kit) originally developed by the knowledge Translation Unit of the Lung Institute, University of Cape Town in collaboration with BMJ. We convened a multidisciplinary team that worked over six months to contextualise/localise it for Nigeria. We are starting the Master Trainers training phase of the Pilot of PACK Nigeria Adult guide in three states in Nigeria from February 7th, 2017 in Abuja.

Joseph Ana.  

• Africa Center for Clin Gov Research & Patient Safety
• @ HRI West Africa Group – HRI WA
• Consultants in Clinical Governance Implementation
• Publisher: Health and Medical Journals
• 8 Amaku Street Housing Estate, Calabar
• Cross River State, Nigeria
• Phone No. +234 (0) 8063600642
• Visit Website: www.hriwestafrica.com
• E-mail: hriwestafrica@gmail.com

http://knowledgetranslation.co.za/programmes/pack-adult-wc-sa/

http://pack.bmj.com/

http://www.bmj.com/company/practical-approach-to-care-kit/

World Cancer Day commemorations on 4 February 2017 continue to be under the theme of “We Can, I Can” launched in 2016 as part of a three-year campaign to maximize reach and impact. It is a day to reflect on how cancer affects everyone in different ways, and how collectively or individually, we all, from lunch makers to law makers, can take various actions to reduce the impact of cancer on individuals, families and communities.

And there is urgent reason to do so.

Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide, with approximately 8.8 million cancer-related deaths in 2015. Within the next 20-30 years, the global death rate due to cancer is expected to double, and African countries are likely to be the most affected.

In the African Region, the most common cancers are cervical, breast, liver and prostate, as well as Kaposi’s sarcoma and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Cancer-causing viral infections such as human papillomavirus infection (HPV) and hepatitis B and hepatitis C (HBV/HCV) significantly contribute to the burden of cervical and liver cancer.

This disturbing prediction of the rise of cancer cases is based on Africa’s ageing population, the persistence of chronic infections and unhealthy lifestyle choices and risk factors such as overweight, low fruit and vegetable intake, lack of physical activity, and tobacco and alcohol consumption. Such choices are greatly influenced by forces outside of people’s control, from unhealthy, cheap food choices at shops and schools, to poor urban planning and marketing of tobacco and alcohol.

The WHO Regional Office for Africa recently released a report which alarmingly found that one-quarter of adults in half of the African countries surveyed had at least three of these risk factors. Tobacco is the most important risk factor for cancer, causing about 70% of lung cancer deaths and 20% of other global cancer deaths. In the African Region, daily tobacco use among adults ranges from 5% to 26% (12% across the Region).

We must do everything we can to reverse these trends which threaten the health gains we have made in other areas. Collectively, governments and societies can inspire and take action through creating healthy schools, workplaces, cities; promote policy change; improve access to people-centred cancer care; establish welfare programmes for patients and families as well as psychosocial and rehabilitation services; invest in surveillance and cancer control; support people undergoing treatment in various ways; challenge myths and perceptions and encourage cancer early detection.

As individuals, we can make healthy lifestyle choices and understand that screening and early diagnosis saves lives, take control of the cancer journey and reach out for support, and use our voices to promote cancer awareness and control. We can protect ourselves and our beloved ones against liver cancer and cervical cancer by being vaccinated against HBV and HPV respectively.

As cancer continues to take millions of lives prematurely, governments need to take urgent action to meet the targets to reduce the burden of cancer and other noncommunicable diseases. Lifestyle changes – while not easy – will achieve so much in reducing the chances of developing cancer and an often slow and painful death. Together we can beat cancer.

Early cancer diagnosis saves lives, cuts treatment costs

A press release from WHO states:

‘The three steps to early diagnosis are:

– Improve public awareness of different cancer symptoms and encourage people to seek care when these arise.

– Invest in strengthening and equipping health services and training health workers so they can conduct accurate and timely diagnostics.

– Ensure people living with cancer can access safe and effective treatment, including pain relief, without incurring prohibitive personal or financial hardship.’

NEWS RELEASE

3 FEBRUARY 2017 | GENEVA – New guidance from WHO, launched ahead of World Cancer Day (4 February), aims to improve the chances of survival for people living with cancer by ensuring that health services can focus on diagnosing and treating the disease earlier.

http://who.int/cancer/publications/cancer_early_diagnosis/en/

New WHO figures released this week indicate that each year 8.8 million people die from cancer, mostly in low- and middle-income countries. One problem is that many cancer cases are diagnosed too late. Even in countries with optimal health systems and services, many cancer cases are diagnosed at an advanced stage, when they are harder to treat successfully.

“Diagnosing cancer in late stages, and the inability to provide treatment, condemns many people to unnecessary suffering and early death,” says Dr Etienne Krug, Director of WHO’s Department for the Management of Noncommunicable Diseases, Disability, Violence and Injury Prevention.

“By taking the steps to implement WHO’s new guidance, healthcare planners can improve early diagnosis of cancer and ensure prompt treatment, especially for breast, cervical, and colorectal cancers. This will result in more people surviving cancer. It will also be less expensive to treat and cure cancer patients.”

All countries can take steps to improve early diagnosis of cancer, according to WHO’s new Guide to cancer early diagnosis.

The three steps to early diagnosis are:

Improve public awareness of different cancer symptoms and encourage people to seek care when these arise.

Invest in strengthening and equipping health services and training health workers so they can conduct accurate and timely diagnostics.

Ensure people living with cancer can access safe and effective treatment, including pain relief, without incurring prohibitive personal or financial hardship…

Media contact

Tarik Jašarevic

WHO Department of Communications

Mobile: +41 79 367 6214

Office : +41 22 791 5099

Email: jasarevict@who.int

From the WHO website www.who.int :

3 February 2017 – Launched ahead of the World Cancer Day (4 February), the new WHO guidance aims to improve the chances of survival for people living with cancer by ensuring that health services can focus on diagnosing and treating the disease earlier. Strategies to improve early diagnosis can be built into health systems at a low cost. In turn, effective early diagnosis can help detect cancer in patients at an earlier stage, enabling treatment that is generally more effective, less complex, and less expensive…

The new guidance is freely available here: http://who.int/cancer/publications/cancer_early_diagnosis/en/

Best wishes,

Neil

Best wishes, Neil

Let’s build a future where people are no longer dying for lack of healthcare knowledge – Join HIFA: www.hifa.org  

Temporary restraining order represents a major setback for Trump’ order that temporarily barred refugees and nationals from seven countries from entering the US.

Seattle/Boston — A Seattle federal judge on Friday put a nationwide block on US President Donald Trump’s week-old executive order that had temporarily barred refugees and nationals from seven countries from entering the United States.

The judge’s temporary restraining order represents a major setback for Trump’s action, though the White House said late Friday that it believed the ban to be “lawful and appropriate” and that the US Department of Justice would file an emergency appeal.

Still, just hours after the ruling, US Customs and Border Protection told airlines they could board travelers who had been affected by the ban…..more

Sweet potatoes are an incredibly healthy source of carbohydrates, and they’re one of my favorite foods. These tubers are not the same as other potatoes – they’re actually part of a completely different plant family.

Sweet potatoes are part of the morning glory family, whereas potatoes are nightshades. Additionally, sweet potatoes are often confused with yams, which are mostly grown in Africa. True yams are starchier and drier with tougher bark-like skin, while sweet potatoes have smooth, edible skin and are either firm or soft when cooked.

There are so many reasons to eat more of this sweet and tasty root vegetable. Here’s the short-list: …more

Can our bodies really transform muscle into fat and fat into muscle?

The short answer is “no.” Muscle and fat are two fundamentally different types of tissue, so muscle never degenerates into fat, and fat cannot be transformed into muscle.

The components your body uses to make each are not the same, so while it can appear that one is morphing into the other, there are actually two processes at work.

So, what’s actually happening when we witness dramatic changes in our body composition over time? ….more

Diarrhoea usually clears up without treatment after a few days, particularly if it’s caused by an infection. In children, diarrhoea usually passes within five to seven days and rarely lasts longer than two weeks. In adults, diarrhoea usually improves within two to four days, although some infections can last a week or more. While waiting for your diarrhoea to pass, you can ease your symptoms by following the advice outlined below.

Drink fluids

It’s important to drink plenty of fluids to avoid dehydration, particularly if you’re also vomiting. Take frequent small sips of water. Ideally, adults should drink a lot of liquids that contain water, salt and sugar. Examples are soup broth or water mixed with juice. If you’re drinking enough fluid, your urine will be light yellow or almost clear. It’s also very important for babies and small children not to become dehydrated. Give your child frequent sips of water, even if they’re vomiting. A small amount is better than none. Fruit juice or fizzy drinks should be avoided as they can make diarrhoea worse in children. If you’re breastfeeding or bottle feeding your baby and they have diarrhoea, you should continue to feed them as normal. Contact your GP immediately if you or your child develop any symptoms of dehydration…..more

Other resources

Dear All,

Attached please find invitation as well as the preliminary programme.

pain-symposium-invitation-january-2017

pain-symposium-program-january-2017

Regards

Doris Bosch

Administrative Assistant

Department of Family Medicine

University of Pretoria

Cell: 072 239 4463

        074 627 1396

Tel: 012 373 1096

Fax2email:  086 275 2955

doris.bosch@up.ac.za

Please take note of this short course on cancer care for the family practitioner that starts March 20th on-line.

Please advertise to any medical officers, general practitioners or family physicians that might be interested.

Best wishes

Bob

PROFESSOR BOB MASH

Head: Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care

icon-flyer-march-2017

If you have lower back pain, you are not alone. About 80 percent of adults experience low back pain at some point in their lifetimes. It is the most common cause of job-related disability and a leading contributor to missed work days. In a large survey, more than a quarter of adults reported experiencing low back pain during the past 3 months.

Men and women are equally affected by low back pain, which can range in intensity from a dull, constant ache to a sudden, sharp sensation that leaves the person incapacitated. Pain can begin abruptly as a result of an accident or by lifting something heavy, or it can develop over time due to age-related changes of the spine. Sedentary lifestyles also can set the stage for low back pain, especially when a weekday routine of getting too little exercise is punctuated by strenuous weekend workout.

Most low back pain is acute, or short term, and lasts a few days to a few weeks. It tends to resolve on its own with self-care and there is no residual loss of function. The majority of acute low back pain is mechanical in nature, meaning that there is a disruption in the way the components of the back (the spine, muscle, intervertebral discs, and nerves) fit together and move…..more

More in search

Gauteng Health MEC Qedani Mahlangu resigned, hours before the release of the Health Ombudsman‘s report, while the head of Gauteng Health and other senior officials implicated the deaths of 94 psychiatric patients, will face disciplinary action,

Business Day reports that Gauteng Premier David Makhura said: “I have instructed the director-general in the office of the premier to urgently institute appropriate action to deal with the recommendations for the Ombudsman,” Makhura said. “There can be no passing of the buck.”

The premier is quoted in the report as saying he would urgently implement all recommendations made by the ombudsman. In the meantime, all patients currently placed at NGOs would be transferred back to public healthcare facilities and state-owned institutions so that their specialised needs were catered for. This would happen in the next seven days and be concluded in 45 days.

The report said Health MEC Qedani Mahlangu resigned on Tuesday night ahead of the official release of the report. Makhura said he had accepted her resignation….more

Medical graduates with one or two years of practical experience are holding South Africa’s public healthcare system together – but are falling apart themselves, says a Sunday Times report.

With workloads estimated to have tripled over the past few years, interns are often left running entire hospital units. They are supervised by seniors – equally burdened registrars with three to five years’ experience – while consultants are available for off-site telephone consultation….more

At the start of 2017, our team has taken some time to reflect on the bigger picture –  how our objectives align with global movements and initiatives of different kinds and how best a small group like ours can have the impact we aspire to.

We have been especially interested in looking at the Every Woman Every Child (EWEC) movement and seek to understand how best we could engage with it so that we can track its progress, learn from it and think about how we could contribute our experience too.

In 2016, EWEC published The Global Strategy for Women’s, Children’s and Adolescents’ Health 2016-2030. The strategy describes adolescents as “central to everything we want to achieve, and to the overall success of the 2030 Agenda.”

The three overarching objectives of the updated Global Strategy are Survive, Thrive and Transform. The vision is to – end preventable death – that no woman, child or adolescent should face a greater risk of preventable death because of where they live or who they are and to realize their rights to the highest attainable standards of health and well-being…

The strategy document includes nine action areas and three of these (in highlights) are very pertinent to the work of Children for Health (although most overlap).

Global Strategy for Women’s, Children’s and Adolescents’ Health 2016-2030: Nine Action Areas:

• Country leadership
• Financing for health
• Health system resilience
• Individual potential
• Community engagement
• Multi-sector action
• Humanitarian and fragile settings
• Research and innovation
• Accountability for results, resources and rights

The section on ‘individual potential’ begins with this statement:

Women, children and adolescents are potentially the most powerful agents for improving their own health and achieving prosperous and sustainable societies.

This sentiment is what we know at Children for Health – it’s the fuel in our tank, the engine that drives us. We seek to advocate for the role of children in this mix. In our experience however, although some people hold this idea in their minds, it is rare to find it in their actions or hearts. After all, the ‘Participation Principle’ was a cornerstone of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child – ratified by most governments in 1989?but its still rare re to find evidence of ‘good participation’ on the ground where women and children truly are agents of their own destiny.

We would love to find out from others who are conducting practical work to bring the EWEC strategy to life and in particular how young adolescents (10-14 year olds) are contributing and benefiting from work being done in this area. Its really important that strategy documents like this have a practical impact and we’d like to find out more how its ‘translating’ into policy and practice.

To read the full text of our article on EWEC and its relevance to our work at Children for Health in the other two areas too, please click this link http://www.childrenforhealth.org/impact/children-for-health-and-the-every-woman-every-child-global-strategy-report-2016-2030-by-clare-hanbury-ceo-children-for-health/

Thanks! and Happy New Year!  

Clare

AIDSFree is proud to announce the release of “Training of Trainers”: Peer Education Program for Inmates and Staff to Reduce Tuberculosis and HIV Risk in Tanzania Prisons.

AIDSFree held two training of trainers (TOT) in Dodoma to train 55 prison officers from 26 prison facilities to train prison staff and inmates on the new peer education program. This report presents the findings from these evaluations, suggests some recommendations for future TOTs of this kind, and summarizes the sessions delivered.

Learn more here: http://bit.ly/2iOYUEO

—

ALEX PENLER   COMMUNICATIONS OFFICER | AIDSFREE

PHONE: 703.310.5232 | WWW.JSI.COM FB Twitter

TWITTER: @APenler   SKYPE: alex.penler

HIFA profile: Alex Penler is Communications Officer at JSI in the USA. Professional interests: Gender, Global Health, HIV/AIDS.  alexandra_penler AT jsi.com

__________

The WHO Global Learning Laboratory (GLL) for Quality Universal Health Coverage aims to gather people from across the globe, representing various disciplines within a safe space to share knowledge, experiences and ideas; challenge those ideas; and spark new ways of doing, all to strengthen approaches towards achieving quality care for all, placing people at its centre. The GLL is organized around three areas. First, national quality policy and strategy (NQPS). Second, specific technical areas – for example WASH and maternal & child health – that need to be considered carefully in achieving quality UHC. Third is the heart of the GLL, the role of compassion in quality UHC, acknowledging the human spirit that drives quality.

For a 2-minute video, click here: Global Learning Laboratory informational video

https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B3cOiNRekmn7YTU1Wk1LNzN2c1E/view

To hear more, join us on a live webinar on 1 February  at 15.00 (Geneva)

Webinar Objectives:

The first webinar of the Global Learning Laboratory on Quality Universal Health Coverage aims to:

·         Explain the rationale for the GLL4QUHC

·         Describe the architecture of the GLL4QUHC.

·         Orient participants on the functionality of the WHO Global Learning Laboratory for Quality Universal Health Coverage.

·         Answer any pressing questions from participants on the Global Learning Laboratory for Quality Universal Health Coverage.

Date: Wednesday, 1 February 2017

Time:

·         Geneva, Switzerland:15:00 CET   

·         Washington DC, USA: 09:00 EST

·         Tokyo, Japan: 23:00 JST

·         London, United Kingdom: 14:00 GMT

·         New Delhi, India: 19:30 IST

·         Lagos, Nigeria: 15:00 WAT

·         Cairo, Egypt:16:00 EET  

To register, please visit: https://www.eventbrite.com/e/gll-webinar-101-the-who-global-learning-laboratory-for-quality-universal-health-coverage-registration-30581326571

               ALL THOSE REGISTERED WILL RECEIVE A WEBINAR LINK 48 HOURS BEFORE THE EVENT.

Best regards

Etienne Guillard – PharmD, MSc

Health Systems & Services Strengthening Director

Solthis

www.solthis.org