Category Archives: News

News

E-learning tools: Moodle vs. Yahoo! Groups

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I teach some courses online using Moodle and some using Yahoo! Groups.   I think Yahoo! Groups is much easier to use, partly because it has   fewer fancy features. You can learn about Yahoo! Groups at http://groups.yahoo.com/ When I use Yahoo! Groups I also use skype for on-line keyboard chats.   The skype software can be downloaded free from skype.com Skype also provides voice communication and video communication.

Aloha, George

HIFA2015 profile: George Kent is a professor in the Department of Political Science at the University of Hawaii. kent AT hawaii.edu

Distance learning material in Portuguese

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I am sending you a link to the BIBLIOTECA MULTIMIDIA (multimedia library) from FIOCRUZ (A research institute from Brazil) that gives FREE ACCESS to power point presentations, videos, information material in various formats in several areas of knowledge. In Portuguese, of course… But it is worth it for those who can speak the language. http://www.ensp.fiocruz.br/biblioteca/home/

Regina

Dr Regina Ungerer – MD/MsC

ePORTUGUÊSe – Project Manager

eHL/HSI/IER

Tel. direct: +41 22 791 3069

FAX:             + 41 22 7914806

Mail: ungererr@who.int

http://www.who.int/eportuguese/en

http://eportuguese.blogspot.com

World Health Organization

20, avenue Appia

CH-1211 Geneva 27

Tel: +41 22 791 2111

Fax: +41 22 791 3111

Visit WHO at: www.who.int

Transform 2015 Research Colloquium Keynotes and Registration

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We are very excited to announce three very exciting keynotes and to open free online registration [ http://transform2015.net/?page_id=177 ] for the Transform 2015 Research Colloquium [ http://transform2015.net/ ] . Transform 2015, with the theme of  “Transforming Pedagogical Practices in African Higher Education with blended and online learning” will be held online from 6-10 April 2015. Transform 2015 is a collaboration between The African Virtual University, the e/merge Africa network and the Educational Technology Inquiry Lab at University of Cape Town.

Transform 2015 will facilitate live and asynchronous encounters with some of the most interesting work by emerging and established educational technology researchers in and from Africa. We are planning for up to 20 peer reviewed and invited presentations including three three keynotes from highly respected researchers:

Associate Professor Cheryl Hodgkinson-Williams from the ROER4D Project, based at the University of Cape Town, South Africa will present on Open Educational Resources and Pedagogical Practices in African Higher Education: A perspective from the ROER4D Project.

Associate Professor Wanjira Kinuthia from Georgia State University, United States will present a keynote entitled Learning Design for Personal Learning Environments: Engaging Emerging Technologies to Transform Online and Blended Instruction in African Higher Education

Associate Professor Dick Ng’ambi heads the ETI-Lab at the University of Cape Town, South Africa.  His keynote is Why higher education in Africa produces square pegs for round holes: a call for innovative approaches.

You are invited to join Transform 2015 to connect with colleagues across Africa and the world in learning about some of the latest e-learning research findings from our continent and about how we can become more effective researchers.

Best Wishes,

The Transform 2015 Team

Contact Details

e-mail:  info@transform2015.net.

Website: http://transform2015.net

New eLearning resources by: Jhpiego

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You may be interested to see these elearning modules on maternal and newborn care, from Jhiepgo, an international, non-profit health organization affiliated with The John Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA.   The modules are located on Jhpiego’s Reproline Plus website (www.reprolineplus.org / http://www.reprolineplus.org). They can be accessed by completing a free online registration process.  The content looks very useful, although accessing it does require speakers or headphones.

Best wishes

Jo, 

Dr Jo Vallis

Research Officer – NHS Education for Scotland

New video: Care of the Cord

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Global Health Media Project will be releasing a new set of newborn care and childbirth videos over the next several weeks. The first—Care of the Cord—is now available in English, French, and Spanish, and may be accessed at http://globalhealthmedia.org/videos/  This video shows how to tightly tie or clamp the cord, several aspects of cord care, and how to apply chlorhexidine gel. Chlorhexidine gel has been shown to be effective in reducing newborn deaths from sepsis, and is now recommended in some areas of the world where newborns are at greatest risk of infection.

This video is intended for frontline health workers in the developing world. All of our videos can be downloaded free-of-charge for use in low-resource settings.

We are grateful for the collaboration of partners throughout the world who help make this work possible, many who we’ve connected with through the HIFA/CHILD networks: content experts, clinical site hosts, field-testers, and translators and narrators.  

As always, we value your feedback and would appreciate receiving any comments about how you use the videos in your training.

Thanks and kind regards,

Deb

Deborah Van Dyke, Director

Global Health Media Project

802-496-7556

The Lancet: Can mass media interventions reduce child mortality?

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In October 2014, HIFA member Will Snell reported the midline results of a three-year randomised controlled trial in Burkina Faso, testing the proposition that a radio campaign focused on child health can reduce under-five mortality.

http://www.hifavoices.org/quotation/development-media-international-midline-results-update

The Lancet has today published a paper by Will and his colleagues, and the full text is freely available here:

http://www.thelancet.com/pdfs/journals/lancet/PIIS0140-6736%2814%2961649-4.pdf

Can mass media interventions reduce child mortality?

Roy Head, Joanna Murray, Sophie Sarrassat, Will Snell, Nicolas Meda, Moctar Ouedraogo, Laurent Deboise, Simon Cousens

Lancet February 13, 2015 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61649-4

ABSTRACT: ‘Many people recognise that mass media is important in promoting public health but there have been few attempts to measure how important. An ongoing trial in Burkina Faso (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01517230) is an attempt to bring together the very different worlds of mass media and epidemiology: to measure rigorously, using a cluster-randomised design, how many lives mass media can save in a low-income country, and at what cost. Application of the Lives Saved Tool predicts that saturation-based media campaigns could reduce child mortality by 10–20%, at a cost per disability-adjusted life-year that is as low as any existing health intervention. In this Viewpoint we explain the scientific reasoning behind the trial, while stressing the importance of the media methodology used.’

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Let’s build a future where people are no longer dying for lack of healthcare knowledge – Join HIFA: www.hifa2015.org  

The African Health Observatory: a comprehensive health information resource

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The World Health Organization’s Regional Office for Africa (AFRO), based in Brazzaville, Republic of Congo, has created its African Health Observatory website at http://www.aho.afro.who.int/ .

Apart from providing free access to key statistics (live in an online database, and through providing the full text of such major publications as the Atlas of African Health Statistics 2014 and the African Regional Health Report 2014) an interesting and unique element of the Observatory website is the country profiles that are being created (in English, French and Portuguese) for each of the 47 countries of the African Region. This is a work in progress, as each profile seeks to act as an analytical review of the entire health system in each country. Using the same wiki software at the heart of Wikipedia, but with restricted ability for outsiders to edit the text, WHO has provided profiles some 70 or 80 pages long, when extracted (you can download “books” containing the full text).

Also available through the Observatory is the African Health Monitor ? an illustrated, peeer-reviewed journal covering all aspects of health in Africa.

Thanks to Chris Zielinski for this post about AHO

Jean Shaw, Phi

US vs European Physicians: Their Ethical Differences. Medscape Ethics Report 2014

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Here

Global health e-platforms for participatory and peer to peer exchange and learning

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Below is the citation and description of a report by the Training and Research Support Centre ( http://www.tarsc.org/ ) of EQUINET, the Regional Network on Equity in Health in Southern Africa.

The report includes a 2-page description of HIFA and several useful references on lessons learned in knowledge sharing and communities of practice (below).

CITATION: Annotated bibliography of e-platforms used in participatory and peer to peer exchange and learning

by T Loewenson, R Loewenson, Barbara Kaim et al.

Training and Research Support Centre (TARSC) in the Regional Nework for Equity in Health in East and Southern Africa (EQUINET), December 2014

54pp.6.9 MB:

http://www.equinetafrica.org/bibl/docs/Ann%20bib%20of%20e-%20platforms%20%20Dec2014.pdf

‘Visual and information technologies are now more diversified and widely accessible. Internet based resources point to the possibilities for information technology to support peer to peer learning and participatory action research to overcome the ‘local’ nature of processes and link groups with shared interest. To support discussion on these areas this work aimed to provide an annotated description of existing internet resources that have features that may guide out thinking in developing an e-platform for participatory reflection and action across similar groups in different areas.’

Best wishes,

Neil

Let’s build a future where people are no longer dying for lack of healthcare knowledge – Join HIFA: www.hifa2015.org  

Examples of references in the above report:

Understanding Knowledge-Sharing in Online Communities of Practice

URL: http://www.ejkm.com/issue/download.html?idArticle=32

Online Communities of Practice

URL: http://wp.comminfo.rutgers.edu/knowledgeinstitute/wpcontent/uploads/sites/30/2014/04/Knowledge.pdf#page=114

A theoretical framework for building online communities of practice with social networking tools

URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09523980802588626#.VJ2ukD0A

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Innovation in health service delivery: integrating community health assitants into the health system at district level in Zambia

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Below is the citation and abstract of a new paper in the open-access journal BMC Health Services Research. Underneath I have added some illustrative quotes from participants in the research. This is a crucial subject and I have invited the authors to join us and explore further on HIFA-Zambia.

CITATION: Innovation in health service delivery: integrating community health assitants into the health system at district level in Zambia

by Joseph Mumba Zulu, Anna-Karin Hurtig, John Kinsman et al.

BMC Health Services Research 2015, 15:38 (28 January 2015)

ABSTRACT

Background: To address the huge human resources for health gap in Zambia, the Ministry of Health launched the National Community Health Assistant Strategy in 2010. The strategy aims to integrate community-based health workers into the health system by creating a new group of workers, called community health assistants (CHAs).

However, literature suggests that the integration process of national community-based health worker programmes into health systems has not been optimal. Conceptually informed by the diffusion of innovations theory, this paper qualitatively aimed to explore the factors that shaped the acceptability and adoption of CHAs into the health system at district level in Zambia during the pilot phase.

Methods: Data gathered through review of documents, 6 focus group discussions with community leaders, and 12 key informant interviews with CHA trainers, supervisors and members of the District Health Management Team were analysed using thematic analysis.

Results: The perceived relative advantage of CHAs over existing community-based health workers in terms of their quality of training and scope of responsibilities, and the perceived compatibility of CHAs with existing groups of health workers and community healthcare expectations positively facilitated the integration process.

However, limited integration of CHAs in the district health governance system hindered effective programme trialability, simplicity and observability at district level. Specific challenges at this level included a limited information flow and sense of programme ownership, and insufficient documentation of outcomes. The district also had difficulties in responding to emergent challenges such as delayed or non-payment of CHA incentives, as well as inadequate supervision and involvement of CHAs in the health posts where they are supposed to be working. Furthermore, failure of the health system to secure regular drug supplies affected health service delivery and acceptability of CHA services at community level.

Conclusion: The study has demonstrated that implementation of policy guidelines for integrating community-based health workers in the health system may not automatically guarantee successful integration at the local or district level, at least at the start of the process. The study reiterates the need for fully integrating such innovations into the district health governance system if they are to be effective.

QUOTES

“The most important thing to remember is that unlike the training for the other community health workers, the CHA’s training is longer…. It runs for 1 year.” (Neighbourhood health committee FGD 1, female participant 2).

“We have two CHAs who were trained. But to our surprise, they are not allowed to give medicines. They just watch support staff give medicines.” (Neighbourhood health committee FGD 2, male participant 1).

“But the complaint in the community is that CHAs are unable to treat some illnesses like malaria as they do not have drug kits.” (Neighbourhood health committee FGD 5, male participant 1).

“Sometimes CHAs come and ask for antibiotics to use. But am a little sceptical giving them drugs to administer because I don’t know the extent of their training.” (CHA supervisor 2, male).

“We are still waiting for monitors to come from the national level so that we can share with them some of challenges that we are experiencing in supervising CHAs.” CHA supervisor 4, female).

“We have been told that CHAs are under the Ministry of Health, but unlike other health workers, they are also controlled by the other groups. We are therefore not sure if they are totally under the Ministry of Health.” (CHA supervisor 3, female).

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Best wishes, Neil

Let’s build a future where people are no longer dying for lack of healthcare knowledge – Join HIFA: www.hifa2015.org  

Post-2015 Sustainable Development Goals

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The Guardian (UK) newspaper has published an excellent interactive web page that describes the post-2015 Sustainable Development Goals – ‘changing the world in 17 steps’.

‘This year, the millennium development goals – launched in 2000 to make global progress on poverty, education, health, hunger and the environment – expire. UN member states are finalising the sustainable development goals that will replace them. But what do the SDGs aim to achieve? How do they differ from the MDGs? And did the MDGs make much progress? Browse how the MDGs have morphed into the SDGs, and explore each SDG in more detail.’

SDG 3 is ‘Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages’, and this comprises 13 components:

3.1: by 2030 reduce the global maternal mortality ratio to less than 70 per 100,000 live births

3.2: by 2030 end preventable deaths of newborns and under-five children, by 2030 end preventable deaths of newborns and under-five children

3.3: by 2030 end the epidemics of Aids, tuberculosis, malaria, and neglected tropical diseases and combat hepatitis, water-borne diseases, and other communicable diseases

3.4: by 2030 reduce by one-third pre-mature mortality from non-communicable diseases (NCDs) through prevention and treatment, and promote mental health and wellbeing

3.5: strengthen prevention and treatment of substance abuse, including narcotic drug abuse and harmful use of alcohol

3.6: by 2020 halve global deaths and injuries from road traffic accidents

3.7: by 2030 ensure universal access to sexual and reproductive health care services, including for family planning, information and education, and the integration of reproductive health into national strategies and programmes

3.8: achieve universal health coverage (UHC), including financial risk protection, access to quality essential health care services, and access to safe, effective, quality, and affordable essential medicines and vaccines for all

3.9: by 2030 substantially reduce the number of deaths and illnesses from hazardous chemicals and air, water, and soil pollution and contamination

3.10: strengthen implementation of the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control in all countries as appropriate

3.11: support research and development of vaccines and medicines for the communicable and non-communicable diseases that primarily affect developing countries, provide access to affordable essential medicines and vaccines, in accordance with the Doha Declaration which affirms the right of developing countries to use to the full the provisions in the TRIPS agreement regarding flexibilities to protect public health and, in particular, provide access to medicines for all

3.12: increase substantially health financing and the recruitment, development and training and retention of the health workforce in developing countries, especially in LDCs and SIDS

3.13: strengthen the capacity of all countries, particularly developing countries, for early warning, risk reduction, and management of national and global health risks.

Best wishes,

Neil

Let’s build a future where people are no longer dying for lack of healthcare knowledge – Join HIFA: www.hifa2015.org  

UP venomous animals poisonous plants (VAPP) courses

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Dear colleagues and friends,

Once again, I will be presenting 3 venomous animals poisonous plants (VAPP) courses this year. Last year our candidates had a wonderful time and the feedback was very positive. Make sure to register early since we only take 6 candidates on the course (d/t limited space in the combi during our afternoon field trip to view the plants)

If you have already attended this course, please pass on the VAPP Course information 2015 to other colleagues that may be interested.

Regards,

Prof Andreas Engelbrecht

Adjunct Professor, Head: Division of Emergency Medicine

Dept. of  Family Medicine, University of Pretoria/ Steve Biko Academic Hospital

Tel: +2712 354 2147 / Cell: +2784 789 7364

Should Everyone Start with Metformin?

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This observational cohort study sought to determine the effect of initial oral glucose-lowering class on subsequent need for additional anti-hyperglycemia therapy. Participants included 15,516 patients who were not previously treated for diabetes, in whom therapy with metformin, a sulfonylurea (SU), a thiazolidinedione (TZD), or a dipeptidyl peptidase 4-inihibitor (DPP4) was initiated. The primary outcome was time to treatment intensification, defined as initiation of a different class of oral glucose-lowering medication…..more

South Africans need new thinking to address gap between rich and the rest

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IF MANY of our commentators and people who speak for business were in Davos last week, they may have imagined that they had strayed into a Congress of South African Trade Unions meeting, which shows how cut off we are from thinking about inequality elsewhere in the world…..more

Mobile health in Sierra Leone: Evidence and implications for health systems

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mHealth in Sierra Leone

Sierra Leone has taken important steps over the last decade towards improving the health status of its people; the launch of the Free Healthcare Initiative (FHCI) in 2010 was a major milestone that made healthcare services available free of charge for pregnant and lactating women and children under five years. But the current maternal and newborn health statistics illustrate that the health system still faces challenges.

There is a need to increase demand, improve healthcare provision, and facilitate the connection between communities and healthcare providers.

These challenges and the need for stronger involvement of communities and better communication between these and health workers came even more to the forefront during the current Ebola crisis.

Mobile communication technologies are rapidly spreading globally and Africa is no exception.

It is an opportune time to use this technology development as a platform for public health interventions. But the evidence for how best to use mobile communication technology for health (called mobile health, abbreviated as mHealth) is still sparse.

This technical brief summarises a mobile health intervention research in Bombali district, in north-west Sierra Leone. It describes how health providers were connected to clients through mobile telephones (the interventions), and the assessment of these interventions (the findings regarding results and impact). This technical brief provides recommendations for healthcare providers and policy-makers interested in adopting mobile health interventions to advance maternal and newborn health.

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Let’s build a future where people are no longer dying for lack of healthcare knowledge – Join HIFA: www.hifa2015.org

A new reference guide addresses the challenges and strengths of large-scale CHW programs

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Over the next few months, CHW Central will be providing a series of features highlighting sections of a new Reference Guide: Developing and Strengthening Community Health Worker Programs at Scale.  Dr. Henry Perry and a team of writers with global experience and knowledge on CHW programming developed the guide to help decision-makers and program implementers strengthen existing large-scale programs and design and scale up new programs. The authors foresee the effective functioning of large-scale CHW programs as one of the most important opportunities for improving the health of impoverished populations in low-income countries.  Case studies from Asia, South America and Africa illustrate how some national CHW programs have made a difference in reducing maternal and child mortality and expanding coverage of family planning services.

A New Resource for Developing and Strengthening Large-Scale Community Health Worker Programs – See more 

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IntraHealth International Acquires Switchboard

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IntraHealth announced yesterday their acquisition of Switchboard. You can read a copy of the press release at at IntraHealth’s website by clicking the link below. Switchboard’s promising mobile phone-based model for low- and middle-income countries joins ministries of health, private mobile phone companies and health workers to improve real-time access to critical information and peer-to-peer communication.

“The Switchboard model of developing innovative public-private partnerships and leveraging existing technologies to connect health workers and health officials throughout the country makes Switchboard a natural and exciting addition to the tools we can offer to countries to improve health services,” says Pape Gaye, president and CEO of  IntraHealth.

Eric Woods, Switchboard’s cofounder and former chief executive officer, was named one of the Top 11 Innovators in mHealth in 2011 by the mHealth Alliance and Rockefeller Foundation and a Rainer Arnhold Fellow in 2012. The company launched start-up projects in Ghana, Liberia and Tanzania with support from individuals and foundations, including the Rockefeller Foundation, Google.org and Mulago Foundation.

“With more than 35 years in health service delivery and software supporting records for over one million practitioners, IntraHealth is the global leader in health worker information management, the critical backbone of Switchboard’s model,” Woods says. “We’re thrilled to offer IntraHealth an innovative extension into mobile and health service delivery, made possible by an acquisition that was our most effective path to remarkable scale.”

We here at IntraHealth look forward to sharing our vision for Switchboard under our leadership and how we will leverage this great opportunity to increase our impact as a partner of choice to the donors, health workers, countries and communities that we serve. If you have any questions please feel free to contact me at mdrane@intrahealth.org.

http://www.intrahealth.org/page/intrahealth-international-acquires-switchboard-an-award-winning-technology-organization1

www.switchboard.org

Best,

Michael Drane

Open Source Community Manager

IntraHealth International

Chapel Hill, NC

+1 919 433 5714

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Free X-ray learning

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Some of you, particularly those with an interest in radiology, may already be familiar with radiopaedia.org (http://radiopaedia.org/ and, on Facebook, https://www.facebook.com/Radiopaedia.org ).

In a recent article about them, it was interesting to see the following quote from its founder, Dr Gaillard, who said: ‘his site was an example of how opening access to information was beginning to revolutionise the way medicine was taught and practiced around the world.’.

http://www.abc.net.au/news/2015-01-30/amazing-radiology-images-how-sharing-them-is-changing-medicine/6053740

The article quotes him as follows:

“A typical text book, for a sub-speciality especially, will be a couple of hundred dollars to buy – and that’s in one space, in one shelf, locked in one office,” he said.

“Digital versions of those text books are just as expensive, and very carefully controlled because the whole infrastructure is built around monetising the restriction to access to information…

…”If you want be grandiose or paranoid about it, the medical information industry makes its money by stopping people accessing the information that they need to better treat and diagnose their patients.

“What we’re about is thinking that that’s not such a great thing, and thinking that you can make this information for free.”

What do others think?

After Ebola: What next for West Africa’s health systems?

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Below are extracts from a news item on the IRIN, the UN humanitarian news service. The full text is available here:

http://www.irinnews.org/report/101046/after-ebola-what-next-for-west-africa-s-health-systems

NAIROBI, 26 January 2015 (IRIN) – As rates of Ebola infection fall in Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone planning has begun on how to rebuild public health systems and learn lessons from the outbreak….

Lessons learnt: “Community, community, community. Engagement, engagement, engagement”

Among the lessons learned across the region has been the importance of consulting, engaging and empowering local communities: their lack of trust in central government was a major handicap in tackling the epidemic… “We need to listen more. We need to do a lot of work with sociologists and anthropologists.” [said Margaret Harris, spokesperson of the World Health Organization (WHO)]

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Best wishes, Neil

Mobile phone text messaging interventions for HIV and other chronic diseases: an overview of systematic reviews and framework for evidence transfer

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Below is the citation and abstract of a new paper in the open-access journal BMC Health Services Research (with thanks to Irina Ibraghimova and LRC Network).

CITATION: Mobile phone text messaging interventions for HIV and other chronic diseases: an overview of systematic reviews and framework for evidence transfer

Lawrence Mbuagbaw, Sara Mursleen, Lyubov Lytvyn, Marek Smieja, Lisa Dolovich and Lehana Thabane.

Corresponding author: Lawrence Mbuagbaw mbuagbawl@yahoo.com

BMC Health Services Research 2015, 15:33  doi:10.1186/s12913-014-0654-6

Published: 22 January 2015

ABSTRACT (provisional)

Background: Strong international commitment and the widespread use of antiretroviral therapy have led to higher longevity for people living with human immune deficiency virus (HIV). Text messaging interventions have been shown to improve health outcomes in people living with HIV. The objectives of this overview were to: map the state of the evidence of text messaging interventions, identify knowledge gaps, and develop a framework for the transfer of evidence to other chronic diseases.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review of systematic reviews on text messaging interventions to improve health or health related outcomes. We conducted a comprehensive search of PubMed, EMBASE (Exerpta Medica Database), CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), PsycINFO, Web of Science (WoS) and the Cochrane Library on the 17th April 2014. Screening, data extraction and assessment of methodological quality were done in duplicate. Our findings were used to develop a conceptual framework for transfer.

Results: Our search identified 135 potential systematic reviews of which nine were included, reporting on 37 source studies, conducted in 19 different countries. Seven of nine (77.7%) of these reviews were high quality. There was some evidence for text messaging as a tool to improve adherence to antiretroviral therapy. Text messages also improved attendance at appointments and behaviour change outcomes. The findings were inconclusive for self-management of illness, treatment of tuberculosis and communicating results of medical investigations. The geographical distribution of text messaging research was limited to specific regions of the world. Prominent knowledge gaps included the absence of data on long term outcomes, patient satisfaction, and economic evaluations. The included reviews also identified methodological limitations in many of the primary studies.

Conclusions: Global evidence supports the use of text messaging as a tool to improve adherence to medication and attendance at scheduled appointments. Given the similarities between HIV and other chronic diseases (long-term medications, life-long care, strong link to behaviour and the need for home-based support) evidence from HIV may be transferred to these diseases using our proposed framework by integration of HIV and chronic disease services or direct transfer.

The complete article is available as a provisional PDF:

http://www.biomedcentral.com/content/pdf/s12913-014-0654-6.pdf

Let’s build a future where people are no longer dying for lack of healthcare knowledge – Join HIFA: www.hifa2015.org